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On
these bases, various authors have noted the
modulation of some cell functions, from ionic
membrane pumps to many cytoplasmic enzyme
reactions, including those connected with cell
replication (6, 13, 14, 16, 69, 84, 85). Reported
here are some demonstrative examples to show the
biological effects of electromagnetic fields. The
electromagnetic waves have a power of 0.25 watts
and are in the kilo- and megahertz ranges. Electromagnetic
Fields and Living Matter Neoplastic Cellular
Culture
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Electromagnetic
Fields and Living Matter Neoplastic Cellular
Culture
Cell
Fusion and Necrosis (Grade 2)
The
possibility that weak electric or magnetic fields
can send signals past the strong potential barrier
of the cytoplasmic membrane (100 KV/cm) can be
explained by the hypothesis of the phenomena of
resonance on certain kinds of ions (101), the
co-operative gapjunction type phenomena (102,
103), and the amplification effects explained by
the set up of a field gradient between the inside
and outside of a spherical shell made up of three
layers of dielectric properties (95). The treated
cells were examined with an electron microscope
that showed ultrastructural alterations in the
following areas:
- Cytoskeleton
fiber—at the structure alteration level with an
increase infibers compared to the control and with
a more irregular disposition and orientation
- Mitochondrion—a
different orientation of the mitochondrion crests
and an alteration of the mitochondrion matrix
which appears dishomogeneous and pycnotic compared
to the contol
-
Autophages—intra-cytoplasmic
bodies in many cells
Moreover,
the following can be noted:
These
types of alterations, especially at the nuclear
level, suggest the hypothesis that an apoptotic
type of phenomenon was induced by the treatment.
The
characteristic of the equipment for these studies
was as follows: low power (0.25 watts)
electromagnetic waves with frequencies in the
kilohertz range and magnetic fields and
electrostatic fields specifically modulated
according to the Gorgun method (GEMM: Modulated
electro-magnetic generator).
Hypothesised
Mechanism
It
is thought that the chromosomes, following the
messages received as a results of the variations
of potential in the cytoplasmic membrane, activate
through electromechanical effects the emission of
messages by the genes that regulate cell dynamics
for normal cell functions or for the mitochondrial
activities for ATP production. An electrical
circuit composed of a zener diode attached to the
base of a bipolar transistor is offered as a model
for the operation of the mitochondrion. The zener
diode represents the on/off pulse operation of
some cell functions, the combined circuit
impedance represents the impedance of the
glycoproteinic sensors present on the
mitochondrial membrane, and the transistor
represents the ATP activation process.
It
is supposed that the excessive production of ATP
is related to an alteration of the glycoproteinic
sensors present on the mitochondrion membrane with
consequent lowering of the impedance that in turn
does not discriminate between the signals in
frequency and activates the production of ATP in
an almost continual way. The cancer cell would
therefore go into mitosis due to the excess of
ATP.
Static magnetic fields and square wave pulsed
electric fields are used to act on the
mitochondrial membrane, increasing the impedance
of the glycoproteinic sensors through the
lengthenin of the polyglycidic chain. A pulsed
electromagnetic field in phase with the electrical
signal is used to interfere with the
communications between the genes and the
protoplasmic glycoproteinic complexes involved in
the promotion of cell mitosis.
It
is thought that the impedance of the mitochondrial
membrane to the messages coming from the genes
increases with the electromagnetic treatment and
with increases in the malignancy (the highest
impedance for undifferentiated tumours). This is
related to a greater alteration of the sensors of
the
Electromagnetic
Fields and Living Matter Neopalstic Cellular
Culture
Undifferentiated
tumours and therefore to their greater
predisposition to the bond with polyglycidic
chains. The undifferentiated cancer cells, because
of the high impedance induced on the mitochondrial
membrane
by the electromagnetic treatment, stop producing
ATP and therefore enter into necrosis. Following
the treatment the differentiated cancer cells have
an impedance which is still sensitive to some
messages coming from the chromosomes promoting the
normal production of ATP, so these cells change
their state of mitosis; however, they continue to
live in a quiescent state (vegetative form of
life).
The
normal cells are not influenced by the
electromagnetic treatment as the impedance of
their mitochondrial sensors is not modified and
remain sensitive to messages that arrive from the
chromosomes for the activation of the ATP
synthesis.
Clinical
Application
Studies
recently carried out reinforce the hypothesis that
different classes of proteins change in response
to electrical field forces induces by oscillating
electric and electromagnetic fields at
predetermined frequencies and intensities, and
suggest that there could be biological effects
that might halt the mitosis of neoplastic cells.
The use of a static magnetic field of 5 mT for 50
to 60 minutes has changed the lectinici bonds of
specific sites on the membrane surface of
erythrocytes with a consequent alteration of the
ATP content (104). The variation of the lectinici
bonds is considered by the changes of the
glycoproteinic complex.
Pulsed
square wave magnetic fields with a frequency of 10
Hz and an intensity of 10 mT on animals in vivo
modified some biochemical blood parameters and
produced significant effects on the erythrocyte
count and the concentration of haemoglobin,
calcium, and plasmatic proteins. The mechanisms of
the observed effects are probably tied to the
influence of the magnetic fields on the ionic
permeability and capacitive reactance of the
membrane due to changes in its lipid component, on
the liquid crystalline structure, and on the
enzymatic activity of the ionic pumps dependent on
ATPasi (105).
Fields
of 2 KV/m with frequencies from 1 KHz up to 1 MHz
activate the Na+ and K+ pumps in the ATPasi in
human erythrocytes.
The authors suggest that the
interactions that permit the free energetic
coupling between the hydrolysis of the ATP and the
pumping of the ions are of the coulomb type.
The
results obtained indicate that only the ionic
modes of transport necessary for the synthesis of
the ATP for specific physiological conditions were
influenced by the applied electrical field, and
some types of reactions are not explicable in
chemical terms but only as related to electrogenic
effects (106). The use of pulsed square wave
electric fields with an amplitude of 1050 volts,
an impulse width of 100 microseconds, and a
frequency of 1 Hz have strengthened the
anti-neoplastic effect of the bleomicina in the
growth of fibro-sarcoma SA-1, malignant melanoma
B!6, and Ehrlich ascitic tumours (EAT) (107, 108).Electromagnetic
fields at a frequency of 7 MHz have bees measured
concomitant with cell mitosis in culture yeast
cells (109). It is known that the ciclines (e.g.,
P16 and P21) have an important role in the
processes of mitosis on cancer cells (110) The
ciclines use the terso P. of the ATP.
Classically
this second type of interpretation has produced
fundamental clinical instruments, such as, for
example the electrocardiogram, the
electroencephalogram, and more recently the
nuclear magnetic resonance (2, 31, 32). The
interest in the study of the interactions between
electromagnetic fields and living Matter is placed,
therefore, on three levels:
-
the state of health
(11, 48, 49, 50, 51)
The
following applications illustrate the therapeutic
aspects:
A
growing literature proposes the use of
electromagnetic energy with cancer patients.
Non-ionising electromagnetic radiation is used in
the oncological field with various objectives
depending on the frequency range (86, 87). Their
use, besides the analgesic effects already
described, can make use of the antiblastic action
that can be direct or indirect, or they can be
applied toward the reduction of the hiatrogenic
effects of radio and chemotherapy (16, 17, 69, 87,
88). The therapeutic effects mentioned above often
use the thermal effect of the induction of
disorder in the target tissue; however, the major
interest lies in the non-thermal effects, which,
paraphrasing Adey, might allow interventions on
cell functions using the language of the cells
themselves (89, 90) by means of a highly specific
modulation of frequency and intensity.
In
Vivo Effects
Modulated
electromagnetic fields were applied to mice in
1974. The observations were conducted at the
Marburg Universitat Klinik und Poliklinik
fur-Nuclearmedizin, Radiologiezentrum der
Philippsuniversitat Marburg/Lahn at the Institute
for Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine. Before being
subjected to electromagnetic fields, the mice were
inoculated with three different types of
histopathological material:
-
Yoshida Solid
-
Asditis
-
Walker
A
regression of the pathology was observed after the
application of the electromagnetic fields.
Treatments were applied to patients suffering from
different types of malignant neoplasia. The
treatment applied was highly specific for each
patient, based on the type of histopathology, the
stage of the illness, and a series of personalised
clinical, biophysical and environmental parameters.
Case
1
Patient
B.G., female, age 49, affected by ductile
infiltrating carcinoma of the breast. After
surgery and chemotherapy, metastases were noted in
the axilary region. A month of treatment was
performed in 1989 during which time the metastases
regressed. X-ray examinations following the
treatment showed no pathological alterations.
Case
2
Patient
V. G., female, age 45, affected by a stomach
carcinoma (adenocarcinoma slightly differentiated
with ring cells and castone).
Material was drawn
from a voluminous sovrangular gastric ulcer, and
the patient underwent a total gastrectomy.
Before
the therapy, metastases were present in the
loco-regionallymph glands, and the patient
exhibited a compromised general condition.
Treatment with electromagnetic energy was applied
in 1988 for about forty-five days. The metastases
disappeared, and in the following check-ups no
recurrence was observed.
Case
3
Patient
V.A., female, age 45, affected by leiomiosarcoma
retro peritonale that in 1984 showed a diameter of
over 40cm. Before the treatment the patient
complained of strong abdominal pains and generally
poor health, edemas in the lower limbs due to the
compression of the lower vena cava, and
hydronephrosis due to uretral compression.
Chemotherapy had no effect and surgery was
impossible because of the adherence of the mass to
vital organs, in particular the aorta. After about
two months of treatment in 1987 her condition had
improved and the mass seemed to have been reduced
by more
than
half. A surgical biopsy showed fibrous muscular
type cells of modest density with no cell
abnormality or mitosis. In 1991 an echography
showed that the volume of the mass had further
reduced to about 12 to 13 cm. The mass
subsequently reduced further, and in 1993
echography showed a mass diameter under 8 cm.
 |
Figure
10 and 11 show the x-rays before and after the
treatment.
Case
4
Patient
N. M., female, age 41, had undergone a mastectomy
in 1988 for infiltrating breast carcinoma followed
by chemotherapy.
After two years multiple bone
metastases were observed in the pelvis and thigh.
Figures 10 and 11 show the outcome of the X-ray
examinations before and after the treatment with
electromagnetic fields in 1990 (lasting about one
month). The medical report (referring to Figure
11) stated: “Compared to the last observation
there are evident signs of calcifying bone repair
at the endosteale and e periosteal levels.
The
reconstruction is apparent at the level of the
right proximate metafisi, at the level of the
right ischio, and corresponding to the neck of the
left thigh.”
Case
5
Patient
S. M., female, age 64, suffered from infiltrating
ductile carcinoma of the breast. Surgery,
chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were performed, but
the illness progressed to the presence of
metastases in the axial area and in the lungs (the
chest X-ray showed small round opacities of the
secondary type in both lung regions, more numerous
in the lower median third right side).
The
treatment in 1989 with electromagnetic energy
lasted two months. The metastases began to regress,
although the signs in the lungs remained visible
on subsequent X-ray checks. By 1993, the pulmonary
lesions had disappeared, and “no infiltrating parenchimali lesions can be observed.
” A
radiological inspection in 1994 confirmed this
result.
Case
6
Patient
E. P., male, age 59, was diagnosed with pulmonary
adenocarcinoma in 1988. The patient had undergone
surgery with the removal of the median and lower
lobes of the right lung.
Subsequently
extensive recurrence was observed in the right
thoracic cavity and in the mediastinum (Figure 12)
He suffered from a generally poor physical
condition and intense thoracic pain. The clinical
conditions did not permit further surgery,
chemotherapy, or radiological treatments.
Treatment with electromagnetic fields in 1989,
which lasted approximately two months, brought
about an improvement in the clinical conditions,
disappearance of the pain, and reduction of the
neoplastic mass. in figure 13, the thoracic x-ray
following treatment can be seen, where it is
evident that there was a reduction of the
mediastinic volume and expansion of the upper
right pulmonary lobe.
 |
Figure
12 and 13 show the x-ray examinations before and
after the treatment.
Case
7
Patient
S. A., male, age 44, was diagnosed with peritoneal
carcinosis in 1989, having a mass with a maximum
diameter of 40 cm.
An echograph report in 1990
stated: “…liver… with dishomogeneous
structure due to secondary localisation’s, the
largest of which in the left lobe has a diameter
of about 4 cm.
…Kidneys
had moderate dilatation of the calico pieliche
structures. Upper and lower abdomen was completely
occupied by expansive formation of mixed structure,
part liquid, part solid that compresses also the
bladder and does not permit a precise evaluation
of the bladder walls and the prostate.” The
patient was inoperable and underwent treatment in
1990 with electromagnetic energy.
The echograpy
report in 1991 stated: “…the liver is enlarged
with diffused disomogeneous structure. Definite
signs of nodular lesions are not identifiable at
different acoustic impedances… The pelvis and
partially the abdomen are occupied by a voluminous
expansive formation with an maximum longitudinal
diameter of approximately 20 cm., with an
echostructure that is strongly dishomogeneous,
referable to discariocinetic lesions. The bladder
appears to have conserved regular walls. The
dimensions and the echostructure of the prostate
are within normal limits.”
Case
8
Patient
N. M., female, age 56, was diagnosed with lobular
carcinoma of the breast in 1988. She underwent a
surgical operation and chemotherapy. At the time
of the treatment with electromagnetic energy in
1991, she was suffering from a serious decline of
general health, a hepatic metastases and a costal
metastases. The treatment lasted almost two months
during which time the main hepatic localisation
reduced to a diameter of about 3 cm., and the
other metastases disappeared. The upper abdominal
echotomograpy report in 1991 stated, “an
hypoechogenous area is visible, with irregular
margins and a diameter of 3.3 cm. Referable, as
first hypothesised, to metastases and numerous
other hypoechogenous areas.” An echography
report described “a delimited hypoechogenous
nodular formation, with a diameter of 3 cm, of
irregular shape and an endolesional hypereflectant
formation…” The remaining parenchima did not
show alterations of the echogenous structure. In
figure 14, a bone scintigraphy, taken in 1991,
shows the examination made in 1992, in which it
was pointed out, “the anomalous finding,
reported in the previous examination of 28 Jan
1991 is practically no longer recognisable; the
other parameters, within normal limits, have not
varied.”
 |
Figure
14 and 15 show the x-rays before and after the
treatment.
Case
9
Patient
D. A., female age 69, was diagnosed with papillary
cistoadenocarcinoma of the ovary, metastatic and
infiltrating in 1987. Chemotherapy was performed,
but to no avail. When the patient was subjected to
electromagnetic therapy in 1990, she had
metastases in the peritoneum, and the echograph
showed that the “the parametrium appeared to be
occupied by a voluminous mass with a diameter of
about 15 cm. and mixed structure, irregular
polycystic with vegetating solid formations, that
were referred to ovaric adenocarcinoma”.
Her
general condition was seriously compromised. The
treatment lasted approximately two months.
The
progression of the illness stopped and the mass
progressively reduced in volume. The echotomograph
report of November 1990 stated: “…Posterior to
the uterus occupying the Douglas, - an expansive
formation with diameter over 12 cm. And mixed
structure part liquid and part solid of probable
annexial origin.”
 |
Figures
16 through 18 show x-rays before, during, and
after the treatment.
Case
10
Patent
M. M., male, age 20, was diagnosed with
plasmocitoma in the tibial region. The patient
complained of serious pain in the tibia and was
unable to walk. The tibia showed decalcification
and serious bone erosion. Conventional
chemotherapy and radiotherapy had already been
tried and no further therapeutic programs were
planned.
After
the electromagnetic treatment performed in 1988,
the pain disappeared; the patient was able to walk
again, the bone recalcified and the pathological
erosions disappeared. Figure 16 shows the x-Ray
before the treatment.
The third radiological
examination in 1989 was accompanied by the
following medical analysis: “The present
examination, compared to the preceding one (no.
2061) of 1 December 1988, shows that the large
destructive area at the medial diaphisis, is
mostly occupied by structural bone growth from
bone repair under way with fixed appearance of
hardened bone in formation.” The treatment
consisted of approximately 25 applications.
 |
Figure
19 and 20 show the x-rays before and after the
treatment.
C
Patient,
B. M., female, age 49, was diagnosed with
carcinoma of the breast. The patient had had a
mammography on May 11, 1994 (Figure 19), which
indicated on the right retro-aureolar region a
nodular formation with a diameter of about 1 cm
with a radiating outline.
Excision was recommended.
Ago-aspiration confirmed the malignant nature of
the lesion and surgery was planned for two weeks
later. Waiting for the operation, the patient
asked to be subjected to electromagnetic therapy
and after eleven sitting the mammography was
repeated. The results can be seen in Figure 20.
The medical report described granulous breasts of
fibromicrocystic type with no evidence of
suspicious radiological character nor
microcalcifications. Moreover, the cutaneous
profile seemed normal.
Properties
of the signals Used
The
electromagnetic treatment last on average about
twenty minutes per day with single daily sittings.
The duration of the sitting is regulated by the
application program and its parameters.
2.4.
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For
further information:
Phone: 0090-532-2025007. (For phone call, with local Turkey times between
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 |
2.6
THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY PHOTOS
 |
 |
Dr.
S. Seçkiner GÖRGÜN (winner of the price of
Physics) in the Ceremony of the price of Physics,
2001.
Equipment
of electromagnetic field and its different models
is the physiotherapy equipment and therefore in
clinic these physiotherapy equipment’s (Equipment
of electromagnetic field) uses also for the
rehabilitation’s of the different pathologies
and the patients.
For example, this physiotherapy
equipment used for pain treatment (Cancer patients),
Osteoporosis .ext. without any side
effects. These physiotherapy equipment
applications are not the absolutely invasive
applications.